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Owning Sudan's disarmament, demobilization and reintegration process : between theory and practice
Mackuliaková, Kristína ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
In a broader sense, this thesis examines the extent to which the international community decides on the application and shape of standard security templates in post-conflict environments. These standard templates are increasingly criticized for their inflexibility and inability to adapt to the actual conditions and needs on ground. In order to alleviate this criticism, as well as improve the success of these programs, the international community recently embraced the concept of national ownership. Whether it is a rhetorical concept and political tool and how its understanding differs between theory and reality are the main topics of this thesis. Specifically, the paper analyzes the concept of national ownership in the process of Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) of ex-combatants on the example of Sudan from 2003 until 2013. Sudanese DDR process has been defined as nationally owned, but nevertheless criticized for the blind following of international standards and overall inability to adapt to the context. The objective of the thesis was set out to establish what the interpretation of national ownership was in theory and compare it with the type of ownership that had taken place in practice. The main part of this study is the analysis of the control exercised by national and...
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The U.S.-Russian disarmament treaties and treaties on reduction of armaments and verification of their compliance
Šilha, Jakub ; Ondřej, Jan (advisor) ; Balaš, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of verification of compliance of the treaties on reduction of armaments and disarmament concluded between the United States and the Soviet Union (now Russian Federation) in the period from the beginning of the Cold War until nowadays when the central point of the analysis is represented by the New START Treaty. In the background of study on the individual treaties, as well as of analysis of these bilateral treaties themselves, the thesis aspires to outline the most important aspects of the used verification regimes, their possible limits and apparent difficulties, and therefore contributes to a better understanding of the individual bilateral contractual approaches. The fundamental thought behind the thesis comes from the knowledge that the issue of verification usually means the feared point of discord in every, not only U.S.-Russian, negotiation between states which is to lead to conclusion of a new disarmament treaty. With respect to this circumstance, the thesis then aspires to prove that the above mentioned and recently concluded New START Treaty is the logical successor to a previously concluded disarmament treaties a that it is also based on experience with the previously applied verification regimes.
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Czechoslovak diplomacy and its evaluation of De Gaulle's policy of grandeur between 1958 and 1969
Jiráčková, Magdaléna ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šmidrkalová, Michaela (referee)
Czechoslovak-French relations developed gradually since the early 1960s. At the time Charles de Gaulle was the president of France. He enforced the politics of grandeur, according to which France had to restore its superpower position while Czechoslovakia was one of the satellites of the Soviet Union. Based on the research of historical sources with elements of qualitative content analysis of documents from the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, I answer my question on how the phenomena related to de Gaulle's politics of grandeur between 1958 and 1969 were evaluated by Czechoslovak diplomacy. The archival documents show that Czechoslovak diplomacy was interested in French policy towards disarmament in the early 1960s when talks were held on this topic in Geneva, in which Czechoslovakia was directly involved. French rejection of disarmament agreements was always negatively assessed by Czechoslovak diplomacy, but over the time it ceased to be an obstacle to the development of mutual relations. The evaluation of French politics towards the countries of the West was full of contradictions. France's attitude towards the United States, whose influence in Europe was France trying to limit, was positively assessed, but France's rapprochement with West Germany was viewed...
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Disarmament at the beginning of the 21st century. Reduction of strategic arms between the USA and Russia
Šilha, Jakub ; Ondřej, Jan (advisor) ; Hofmannová, Mahulena (referee)
Diarmament at the beginning of the 21st Century: Development of the contractual approaches on the reduction of strategic arms between the United States of America and the Russian Federation The aim of this diploma thesis is the theoretical assumption of the contemporary development of treaties instruments dealing with the disarmament dilemma from the international law's point of view, or setting the new (or renegotiated) treaty approach on reduction of the strategic arms between the Russian Federation and the United States of America into the wider context of international treaties, analysis of the new disarmament treaty denoted as The New START Treaty, which replaced START I Treaty, and its comparison with the previous treaties and drafts of treaties. In doing so this thesis also summarises the longer-range development of the bilateral treaty approaches on the reduction of strategic arms between the United States and Russia, or the Soviet Union respectivelly, which goes back deep into the times of the Cold War and comprises the crucial negotiations of SALT and INF treaties. The thesis focuses not only to the text of the treaties and their drafts alone but also on the particular stages of negotiations. Then, The New START Treaty is the subject of more detailed analysis in the final two chapters, as...
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Reintegrace dětských vojáků v procesu post-konfliktní rekonstrukce
Haufová, Pavlína
The diploma thesis deals with the phenomenon of child soldiers and their reintegration into the post-war society. The subject of the theoretical part is the general characterization of the problem of child combatants in relation to selected sources of international law, economic and social factors of recruiting girls and boys, together with the consequences and theoretical approaches to disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programs. The analytical part focuses on former child soldiers in post-conflict reconstruction in selected countries of West Africa, Sierra Leone and Liberia, with a focus on their reintegration into society after the de-escalation of civil wars in 2002 and 2003. In the final part of the thesis measures for solving the problem of children in armed groups and forces, together with proposals for completing the process of reintegration of former child soldiers into civil society are proposed.
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Challenges of Child DDR: A Case Study of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Gajdošová, Marie Anna ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Svobodová, Karolina (referee)
This Master's thesis is devoted to the study of Demobilization, Disarmament, and Reintegration programs for children formerly associated with armed groups. Its main task is to critically assess the implementation of child Demobilization, Disarmament, and Reintegration programs, to identify the main challenges of these programs, and to provide recommendations for their future improvement. The theoretical part of the work focuses on the concept of child soldiers and the concept of disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration. The work examines the case study of the Democratic Republic of the Congo closely. It explores the history of the conflict, the history of using child soldiers, and the history of Demobilization, Disarmament, and Reintegration programs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Furthermore, this work analyzes the phenomenon of child soldiers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the challenges the current Demobilization, Disarmament, and Reintegration programs are facing and provides recommendations for the Congolese government and for the international actors which are providing the Demobilization, Disarmament, and Reintegration programs for children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The work concludes that through the implementation of new policies on the national...
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Czechoslovak diplomacy and its evaluation of De Gaulle's policy of grandeur between 1958 and 1969
Jiráčková, Magdaléna ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šmidrkalová, Michaela (referee)
Czechoslovak-French relations developed gradually since the early 1960s. At the time Charles de Gaulle was the president of France. He enforced the politics of grandeur, according to which France had to restore its superpower position while Czechoslovakia was one of the satellites of the Soviet Union. Based on the research of historical sources with elements of qualitative content analysis of documents from the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, I answer my question on how the phenomena related to de Gaulle's politics of grandeur between 1958 and 1969 were evaluated by Czechoslovak diplomacy. The archival documents show that Czechoslovak diplomacy was interested in French policy towards disarmament in the early 1960s when talks were held on this topic in Geneva, in which Czechoslovakia was directly involved. French rejection of disarmament agreements was always negatively assessed by Czechoslovak diplomacy, but over the time it ceased to be an obstacle to the development of mutual relations. The evaluation of French politics towards the countries of the West was full of contradictions. France's attitude towards the United States, whose influence in Europe was France trying to limit, was positively assessed, but France's rapprochement with West Germany was viewed...
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Comparison of nuclear triad development in superpower states
Veselý, Lukáš ; Bříza, Vlastislav (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
Anotation This bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of the development of the nuclear triad of superpowers. Specifically, the thesis focuses on comparing the approach to the development of the individual legs of the triad of United States and the Soviet Socialist Republics during the Cold War. The work characterizes the development of individual weapon systems. The theory of nuclear deterrence and its influence on the formation of strategic nuclear doctrines of both powers are outlined. The thesis examines the relationship between mutual development of the doctrines of both states. Furthermore, the systems of one leg of the triad are compared in a given period and the relationship of their development is analyzed. In the final part, thesis interprets the acquired knowledge about the armament and doctrinal rivalry of the two superpowers in the bipolar world.
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